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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Walter C. Pitman</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><p><b>Walter Clarkson Pitman III</b> (* <a href="21._Oktober" title="21. Oktober">21. Oktober</a> <a href="1931" title="1931">1931</a> in <a href="Newark_(New_Jersey)" title="Newark (New Jersey)">Newark</a>, <a href="New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>; † <a href="1._Oktober" title="1. Oktober">1. Oktober</a> <a href="2019" title="2019">2019</a> in <a href="Riverdale_(New_York)" title="Riverdale (New York)">Riverdale</a>, <a href="New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, <a href="New_York_(Bundesstaat)" title="New York (Bundesstaat)">New York</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> war ein <a href="Vereinigte_Staaten" title="Vereinigte Staaten">US-amerikanischer</a> <a href="Geophysik" title="Geophysik">Geophysiker</a>.
</p><p>Pitman studierte Elektrotechnik an der <a href="Lehigh_University" title="Lehigh University">Lehigh University</a> (Bachelor-Abschluss 1956). Danach arbeitete er für die <a href="Hazeltine_Corporation" title="Hazeltine Corporation">Hazeltine Corporation</a> und ab 1960 als Techniker in der ozeanographischen Forschung auf Schiffen für das Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory der <a href="Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>. Unter anderem war er auf Expeditionen im Atlantik und Pazifik für die Magnetometer zuständig. Gleichzeitig begann er ein Studium der Geophysik, abgeschlossen mit der Promotion 1967 an der Columbia University. In seiner Doktorarbeit unter James Heirtzler bestätigte er die plattentektonische Hypothese von <a href="Frederick_Vine" title="Frederick Vine">Vine</a>, <a href="Drummond_Hoyle_Matthews" title="Drummond Hoyle Matthews">Matthews</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und Morley<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> der Bildung der Ozeanböden durch Nachweis symmetrischer magnetischer Streifenmuster auf beiden Seiten der mittelozeanischen Rücken.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Er wurde Professor an der Columbia University und war dort zuletzt Professor Emeritus.
</p><p>Weitere paläomagnetische Messungen an Ozeanböden dienten <a href="Manik_Talwani" title="Manik Talwani">Manik Talwani</a> und Pitman 1971/72 zur Rekonstruktion der Geschichte des Nordatlantiks.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1974 publizierte er mit Larson und Herron einen Weltatlas der paläomagnetischen Muster auf den Ozeanböden.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Danach wandte er sich den Auswirkungen der Plattentektonik auf Meeresspiegelschwankungen zu.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Seit 1993 trägt die <a href="Pitman_Fracture_Zone" title="Pitman Fracture Zone">Pitman Fracture Zone</a> im Südlichen Ozean seinen Namen. 1996 erhielt er die <a href="Maurice_Ewing_Medal_(AGU)" title="Maurice Ewing Medal (AGU)">Maurice Ewing Medal</a> der <a href="American_Geophysical_Union" title="American Geophysical Union">American Geophysical Union</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1998 die <a href="Alexander_Agassiz_Medal" title="Alexander Agassiz Medal">Alexander Agassiz Medal</a> und 2000 den <a href="Vetlesen-Preis" title="Vetlesen-Preis">Vetlesen-Preis</a>. Ebenfalls im Jahre 2000 wurde er in die <a href="National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a> gewählt.
</p><p>Er ist auch bekannt für seine Untersuchungen über die vermutete katastrophale Flutung des Schwarzen Meeres um 5600 v. Chr.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Kevin Krajick: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/2019/10/02/walter-pitman-plate-tectonics/"><i>Walter Pitman: Discovered a Key to Plate Tectonics.</i></a> Earth Institute, Columbia University, 2. Oktober 2019,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 10. Februar 2020</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+C.+Pitman&rft.title=Walter+Pitman%3A+Discovered+a+Key+to+Plate+Tectonics&rft.description=Walter+Pitman%3A+Discovered+a+Key+to+Plate+Tectonics&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.ei.columbia.edu%2F2019%2F10%2F02%2Fwalter-pitman-plate-tectonics%2F&rft.creator=Kevin+Krajick&rft.publisher=Earth+Institute%2C+Columbia+University&rft.date=2019-10-02&rft.language=en"> </span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Vine, Matthews <i>Magnetic anomalies over ocean ridges</i>, Nature, Band 199, 7. September 1963, S. 947</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Unveröffentlicht, da Brief an Nature und J. Geophys. Res. von 1963 zurückgewiesen wurden</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Heirtzler, Pitman <i>Magnetic anomalies over the pacific antarctic ridge</i>, Science, Band 154, 1966, S. 1154. Das sogenannte Eltanin-19 Magnetic Anomaly Profile.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">G.O. Dickson, Pitman, Heirtzler <i>Magnetic Anomalies in the South Atlantic and Ocean Floor Spreading</i>, J. Geophys Research, Band 73, 1968, S. 2087–2100, Pitman, Herron, Heirtzler <i>Magnetic Anomalies in the Pacific and sea floor spreading</i>, Journal of Geophysical Research, Band 75, 1968, S. 2069–2086. Zusammenfassung in Heirtzler, Pitman, Dickson, Herron, Le Pichon <i>Marine magnetic anomalies, geomagnetic field reversals and motion of the ocean floor and continents</i>, J. Geophys. Res., Band 73, 1968, S. 2119–2136, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/classics1980/A1980JE95200001.pdf">Artikel von Heirtzler in Science Citation Classics dazu, pdf</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Talwani, Pitman, Heirtzler <i>Age of the North Atlantic Ocean from magnetic anomalies</i>, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Band 11, 1971, S. 195–200. Pitman, Talwani <i>Sea–floor spreading in the North Atlantic</i>, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., Band 83, 1972, S. 619–646 </span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Larson, Herron, Pitman <i>The age of ocean basins</i>, Geological Society of America 1974</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pitman <i>Relation between Eustacy and stratigraphic sequences of passive margins</i>, Geolog. Soc. America Bulletin, Band 89, 1978, S. 1389–1403</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.agu.org/about/honors/union/ewing/pitman_walterc.shtml">Ewing Medaille für Pitman</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pitman, William Ryan <i>Noah's Flood: The New Scientific Discoveries About The Event That Changed History</i>, Simon & Schuster 1997. Deutsche Übersetzung: <i>Sintflut. Ein Rätsel wird entschlüsselt</i>, Lübbe 1999</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ryan, Pitman <i>An abrupt drowning of the Black Sea shelf</i>, Marine Geology, Band 138, 1997, S. 119–126</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbs.org/saf/1207/features/noah.htm">Artikel bei PBS zu ihrer Schwarzmeer-Hypothese</a></span>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/vetlesen/recipients/2000/pitman_bio.html">Biografie</a> (englisch)</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eesc.columbia.edu/faculty/prof-walter-c-pitman-iii">Webseite an der Columbia University</a></li></ul>
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Normdaten (Person): <a href="Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/122856651">122856651</a></span> | <a href="Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n98088012">n98088012</a></span> | <a href="Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/50119588/">50119588</a></span> | </div>
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